Carvone is a naturally occurring monocyclic monoterpene ketone found in various plant sources, particularly in caraway seeds, dill, and spearmint. It is known for its distinct minty aroma and is commonly used as a flavoring agent in the food and beverage industries. Carvone exists in two isomeric forms: (+)-carvone or d-carvone, which has a spearmint-like aroma, and (-)-carvone or l-carvone, which has a caraway-like aroma. Both isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms.

Pharmacologically, carvone has demonstrated several potential therapeutic properties. It exhibits antimicrobial effects, making it effective against certain bacteria and fungi. Carvone also displays analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, suggesting potential benefits in pain relief and reducing inflammation.

In terms of its relationship with cannabinoids, carvone does not directly interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) like cannabinoids. However, it is found in cannabis plants and contributes to the overall terpene profile. Terpenes, including carvone, along with cannabinoids, contribute to the complex aroma and potential therapeutic effects associated with different cannabis strains.

d-Carvone